The Ordinary Duo

This routine contains the Niacinamide 10% + Zinc 1% anti-blemish serum and the Glycolic Acid 7% Exfoliating Toner. Niacinamide 10% + Zinc 1% Anti-Blemish Serum: A vegan formula ultra-concentrated in vitamins and minerals to fight blemishes and skin inflammation. Niacinamide (Vitamin B3), here highly concentrated (10%), reduces the appearance of blemishes and enlarged pores. This formula also contains zinc salt of pyrrolidone carboxylic acid which helps regulate sebum production. Glycolic Acid 7% Exfoliating Toner: Glycolic Acid is an Alpha-Hydroxylated Acid (AHA) that exfoliates the skin. This concentrated 7% Vegan toning solution provides light exfoliation to improve radiance and clarity. This formula also improves skin texture over the long term. This product contains a Tasmanian pepperberry derivative to reduce irritation often associated with the use of fruit acids. This derivative is plant-derived and its color varies seasonally. This color variation may be apparent in the formula from time to time. Glycolic Acid Toning Solution 7% also contains ginseng root and aloe vera to boost skin radiance and soothe. The pH of this formula is approximately 3.6. Glycolic Acid has a pKa of 3.6. The pKa is the most important indicator to consider when formulating acids. When the pKa is close to the pH, there is a perfect balance between salt and acidity, which optimizes the effectiveness of the acid and reduces irritation. Contraindication: This formula should not be used on sensitive, damaged, or peeling skin.